arXiv research

New criterion for almost-complex 4-manifolds using polyhedral decompositions.

We derive symmetries and adjunction inequalities of the knot Floer homology groups which appear to be especially interesting for homologically essential knots. Furthermore, we obtain an adjunction inequality for cobordism maps in knot Floer homologies. We demonstrate the adjunction inequalities and symmetries in explic…

New inequality for refined knot invariants in a specific space.

It is shown that the multiplicative monoids of Temperley-Lieb algebras generated out of the basis are isomorphic to monoids of endomorphisms in categories where an endofunctor is adjoint to itself. Such a self-adjunction is found in a category whose arrows are matrices, and the functor adjoint to itself is based on the…

The paper proves an adjunction inequality for Real embedded surfaces in 4-manifolds.

Paper shows Seiberg-Witten invariants vanish for Davis hyperbolic 4-manifold.

Studies modules over a category of Jacobi diagrams in handlebodies.

We further sharpen higher type adjunction inequalities of P. Ozsváth and Z. Szabó on a 4-manifold $M$ with a nonzero Seiberg-Witten invariant for a Spin$^c$ structure $\frak{s}$, when an embedded surface $Σ\subset M$ satisfies $[Σ]\cdot [Σ]\geq 0$ and $|\langle [Σ],c_1(\frak{s})\rangle|+[Σ]\cdot [Σ]\geq 2b_1(M).$

In this paper, we derive new adjunction inequalities for embedded surfaces with non-negative self-intersection number in four-manifolds. These formulas are proved by using relations between Seiberg-Witten invariants which are induced from embedded surfaces. To prove these relations, we develop the relevant parts of a F…

Paper proves a symplectic inequality using trisections and contact geometry.

For several embedded surfaces with zero self-intersection number in 4-manifolds, we show that an adjunction-type genus bound holds for at least one of the surfaces under certain conditions. For example, we derive certain adjunction inequalities for surfaces embedded in $m\mathbb{CP}^2\# n(-\mathbb{CP}^2)$ ($m, n \geq 2…

The paper introduces new inequalities for knots in 4D cobordisms.

It is shown that the multiplicative monoids of Brauer's centralizer algebras generated out of the basis are isomorphic to monoids of endomorphisms in categories where an endofunctor is adjoint to itself, and where, moreover, a kind of symmetry involving the self-adjoint functor is satisfied. As in a previous paper, of …

We prove new adjunction inequalities for embedded surfaces in four-manifolds with non-negative self-intersection number by using the Donaldson invariants. These formulas are completely analogous to the ones obtained by Ozsváth and Szabó using the Seiberg-Witten invariants. To prove these relations, we give a fairly exp…

Upper bounds found for Seiberg-Witten moduli spaces under specific conditions.

We construct an invariant of closed ${\rm spin}^c$ 4-manifolds using families of Seiberg-Witten equations. This invariant is formulated as a cohomology class on a certain abstract simplicial complex consisting of embedded surfaces of a 4-manifold. We also give examples of 4-manifolds which admit positive scalar curvatu…

Researchers determine quantum filtration structure of torus links.

We introduce symplectic Calabi-Yau caps to obtain new obstructions to exact fillings. In particular, it implies that any exact filling of the standard unit cotangent bundle of a hyperbolic surface has vanishing first Chern class and has the same integral homology and intersection form as its disk cotangent bundle. This…

Each lens space has a canonical contact structure which lifts to the distribution of complex lines on the three-sphere. In this paper, we show that a symplectic homology cobordism between two lens spaces, which is given with the canonical contact structure on the boundary, must be diffeomorphic to the product of a lens…

The paper extends Stone duality to topological convexity spaces.

Consider a smooth $4$-manifold $X$ and a diffeomorphism $f : X \to X$. We give an obstruction in the form of an adjunction inequality for an embedded surface in $X$ to be isotopic to its image under $f$. It follows that the minimal genus of a surface representing a given homology class and which is isotopic to its imag…

To a Lie groupoid over a compact base, the associated group of bisection is an (infinite-dimensional) Lie group. Moreover, under certain circumstances one can reconstruct the Lie groupoid from its Lie group of bisections. In the present article we consider functorial aspects of these construction principles. The first …

We show that the link cobordism maps defined by the author are graded and satisfy a grading change formula. Using the grading change formula, we prove a new bound for $Υ_K(t)$ for knot cobordisms in negative definite 4-manifolds. As another application, we show that the link cobordism maps associated to a connected, cl…

We reprove and strengthen some old difficult theorems of 4-manifolds by the aid of recently discovered modern tools, which involve contact structures on 3-manifolds, compact Stein domains, etc.

In this paper we study an analog of minimal surfaces called Weyl-minimal surfaces in conformal manifolds with a Weyl connection $(M^4,c,D)$. We show that there is an Eells-Salamon type correspondence between nonvertical $\mathcal{J}$-holomorphic curves in the weightless twistor space and branched Weyl-minimal surfaces.…

New invariants for 4-manifolds obstruct certain surface pairs.

The paper bounds the genus of surfaces in four-manifolds with indefinite forms.

For a Lie group $G$ and a vector bundle $E$ we study those actions of the Lie group $TG$ on $E$ for which the action map $TG\times E \to E$ is a morphism of vector bundles, and call those \emph{affine actions}. We prove that the category $\mathrm{Vect}_{TG}^{\mathrm{aff}}\left(X\right)$ of such actions over a fixed $G$…

For an integer $n$, write $X_n(K)$ for the 4-manifold obtained by attaching a 2-handle to the 4-ball along the knot $K\subset S^3$ with framing $n$. It is known that if $n< \overline{\text{tb}}(K)$, then $X_n(K)$ admits the structure of a Stein domain, and moreover the adjunction inequality implies there is an upper bo…

We prove that the forgetful functor from groupoids to pregroupoids has a left adjoint, with the front adjunction injective. Thus we get an enveloping groupoid for any pregroupoid. We prove that the category of torsors is equivalent to that of pregroupoids. Hence we also get enveloping groupoids for torsors, and for pri…

We solve a certain case of the minimal genus problem for embedded surfaces in elliptic 4-manifolds. The proofs involve a restricted transitivity property of the action of the orientation preserving diffeomorphism group on the second homology. In the case we consider we get the minimal possible genus allowed by the adju…

The paper finds a new lower bound on the genus of surfaces in indefinite 4-manifolds.

The paper discusses strictification and non-strictification of monoidal categories.

For any positive integer $g$, we completely determine the minimal genus function for $Σ_{g}\times T^{2}$. We show that the lower bound given by the adjunction inequality is not sharp for some class in $H_{2}(Σ_{g}\times T^{2})$. However, we construct a suitable embedded surface for each class and we have exact values o…

The paper provides a new inequality for 4-manifolds and uses it to study knot sliceness and symplectic embeddings.

Let N be a closed irreducible 3-manifold and assume N is not a graph manifold. We improve for all but finitely many S^1-bundles M over N the adjunction inequality for the minimal complexity of embedded surfaces. This allows us to completely determine the minimal complexity of embedded surfaces in all but finitely many …

We study the invariants of surfaces in 4-manifolds extracted from the Seiberg-Witten and the Ozsvath-Szabo invariants of their fiber sums with auxiliary Lefschetz fibrations. Such invariants involve relative Spin_c structures and can be treated as refinements of the usual Seiberg-Witten and Ozsvath-Szabo invariants. We…

We derive an adjunction inequality for any smooth, closed, connected, oriented 4-manifold $X$ with $b^+=1$. This inequality depends only on the cohomology algebra and generalizes the inequality of Strle in the case of $b_1=0$. We demonstrate that the inequality is especially powerful when $2\tilde χ+3σ\geq 0$, where $\…

This is primarily an expository note showing that earlier work of Lai on CR geometry provides a clean interpretation, in terms of a Gauss map, for an adjunction formula for embedded surfaces in an almost complex four manifold. We will see that if F is a surface with genus g in an almost complex four-manifold M, then 2 …

A key open problem in M-theory is the mechanism of "gauge enhancement", which supposedly makes M-branes exhibit the nonabelian gauge degrees of freedom that are seen perturbatively in the limit of 10d string theory. In fact, since only the twisted K-theory classes represented by nonabelian Chan-Paton gauge fields on D-…

New inequality for links in 3D using 4D invariants.

We define pointwise partial differential relations for holomorphic discs. Given a relative homotopy class, a relation, and a generic almost complex structure we provide the moduli space of discs which have an injective point with the structure of a smooth manifold. Applications to the local behaviour are given and an a…

We prove a generalization of Bennequin's inequality for Legendrian knots in a 3-dimensional contact manifold (Y,xi), under the assumption that Y is the boundary of a 4-dimensional manifold M and the version of Seiberg-Witten invariants introduced by Kronheimer and Mrowka [Invent. Math. 130 (1997) 209-255] is nonvanishi…

In this paper, we demonstrate a relation among Seiberg-Witten invariants which arises from embedded surfaces in four-manifolds whose self-intersection number is negative. These relations, together with Taubes' basic theorems on the Seiberg-Witten invariants of symplectic manifolds, are then used to prove the symplectic…

We introduce an inductive argument for proving birational superrigidity and K-stability of singular Fano complete intersections of index one, using the same types of information from lower dimensions. In particular, we prove that a hypersurface in $\mathbb{P}^{n+1}$ of degree $n+1$ with only ordinary singularities of m…

We show that, under a certain condition, contact 5-manifolds can `coarsely' distinguish smooth structures on compact Stein 4-manifolds via contact open books. We also give a simple sufficient condition for an infinite family of Stein 4-manifolds to have an infinite subfamily of pairwise non-diffeomorphic Stein 4-manifo…

We determine the Seiberg-Witten-Floer homology groups of the three-manifold which is the product of a surface of genus $g \geq 1$ times the circle, together with its ring structure, for spin-c structures which are non-trivial on the three-manifold. We give applications to computing Seiberg-Witten invariants of four-man…

Enhances machine learning interpretability using category theory.