Quantizes neural networks using frame theory for improved accuracy.
problem Improving neural network efficiency and accuracy through quantization.
method Sigma-Delta (ΣΔ) quantization with finite unit-norm tight frames. result Error bound between original and quantized neural networks derived.
Extends ONNX for quantized neural networks with new formats and operators.
problem Handling arbitrary-precision quantization in neural networks.
method Introduces new formats and operators in ONNX to represent quantized neural networks.
result Enabled representation of uniform quantization in neural networks.
New method quantizes neural networks for mobile devices.
problem High computational and memory costs of deep neural networks.
method Formulates quantization as a differentiable function.
result Quantization networks outperform state-of-the-art methods.
Network quantization is an effective solution to compress deep neural networks for practical usage. Existing network quantization methods cannot sufficiently exploit the depth information to generate low-bit compressed network. In this paper, we propose two novel network quantization approaches, single-level network qu…
This study optimizes quantized neural networks by considering model architecture and quantization types.
problem Optimizing quantized neural networks for low-power, high-throughput applications.
method Holistic approach including training methods and quantization-friendly architecture design.
result Deeper models are more sensitive to activation quantization, while wider models improve resilience to both weight and activation quantization.
Memory-augmented neural networks (MANNs) refer to a class of neural network models equipped with external memory (such as neural Turing machines and memory networks). These neural networks outperform conventional recurrent neural networks (RNNs) in terms of learning long-term dependency, allowing them to solve intrigui…
Meta learning optimizes neural network quantization for efficient inference.
problem Uniform bitwidth quantization is sub-optimal for neural network compression.
method Meta learning to automatically generate hybrid quantization policies.
result Meta learning outperforms uniform quantization and RL approaches.
This paper introduces a differentiable, scalable quantization method for neural networks.
problem Previous quantization methods lacked differentiability and scalability.
method The approach is differentiable and scalable, using bit-shifting and logarithmic quantization.
result The method achieves comparable accuracy to state-of-the-art approaches with less training time and lower inference cost.
Paper proposes a fast stochastic algorithm for neural network quantization with error bounds.
problem Error analysis for quantized neural networks with non-convex loss functions and nonlinear activations.
method Greedy path-following mechanism combined with stochastic quantizer.
result Established full-network error bounds for quantized neural networks.
New method trains quantized neural networks to global optimality.
problem Training optimal quantized neural networks is intractable due to combinatorial non-convex optimization.
method Convex optimization strategy using hidden convexity, semidefinite lifting, and Grothendieck's identity.
result Quantized NN problems can be solved to global optimality in polynomial-time.
BatchNorm helps train quantized networks by avoiding gradient explosion.
problem Training quantized neural networks is difficult due to gradient issues.
method Investigated the impact of BatchNorm on both full-precision and quantized networks.
result BatchNorm avoids gradient explosion in quantized networks, contrary to expectations.
Paper develops a statistical framework for quantized training of deep neural networks.
problem Lack of theoretical understanding of gradient quantization in FQT.
method Presented a statistical framework for analyzing FQT algorithms, viewing quantized gradient as a stochastic estimator of QAT gradient.
result Developed two novel gradient quantizers with smaller variance than existing per-tensor quantizer.
We present a novel method for neural network quantization that emulates a non-uniform k-quantile quantizer, which adapts to the distribution of the quantized parameters. Our approach provides a novel alternative to the existing uniform quantization techniques for neural networks. We suggest to compare the results as …
Smart Quantization adapts binary and ternary quantization for neural networks.
problem Resource constraints in deploying neural networks on devices with limited resources.
method Adaptive combination of binary and ternary quantization with a regularization function.
result Adapts quantization depth during training to maintain high model accuracy.
Quantized neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks.
problem Adversarial robustness of quantized neural networks.
method Investigated adversarial robustness of quantized neural networks under different threat models.
result Quantization does not offer robust protection and results in gradient masking.
Paper proposes a new binary quantization method for faster DNN inference.
problem Accelerating deep neural network inference on resource-limited devices.
method Quantized Compressed Sensing (QCS) for binary quantization.
result The proposed method preserves benefits of standard methods while reducing quantization error.
Post-training quantization saves resources for neural networks.
problem Implementing neural networks in resource-constrained hardware.
method Generalized post-training quantization method (GPFQ) with modifications for sparsity and error analysis.
result Error decays linearly with over-parametrization, showing minor loss of accuracy.
Proposes a robust neural network quantization method.
problem Training model's dependency on specific quantization methods.
method Intrinsic robustness to various quantization processes.
result Single model capable of operating at various bit-widths and policies.
SMGD trains low-bit neural networks with memory constraints.
problem Training large neural networks with limited memory.
method Stochastic Markov Gradient Descent (SMGD).
result Encouraging numerical results and theoretical guarantees.
This paper evaluates quantization techniques for deep learning inference.
problem Reducing the size and improving inference of deep neural networks.
method Review and empirical evaluation of quantization parameters for various neural network models.
result 8-bit quantization maintains accuracy within 1% of floating-point models.
BiTAT improves neural network quantization for edge devices by focusing on weight dependencies and disentangling them.
problem Performance degradation of compact neural networks under extreme quantization.
method Task-dependent Aggregated Transformation (BiTAT) method that orthonormalizes weights and progressively quantizes them.
result BiTAT effectively preserves model performance on ImageNet and CIFAR-100 with compact backbones.
Deep neural networks are the state-of-the-art methods for many real-world tasks, such as computer vision, natural language processing and speech recognition. For all its popularity, deep neural networks are also criticized for consuming a lot of memory and draining battery life of devices during training and inference.…
FleXOR trains fractional quantization for neural networks, improving accuracy and size.
problem Quantization limits to integer bits restricts compression and accuracy.
method Encryption algorithm with XOR gates for fractional bits during inference.
result FleXOR achieves high accuracy with fractional sub-1-bit weights.
Neural network quantization procedure is the necessary step for porting of neural networks to mobile devices. Quantization allows accelerating the inference, reducing memory consumption and model size. It can be performed without fine-tuning using calibration procedure (calculation of parameters necessary for quantizat…
APoT quantization improves neural network efficiency and accuracy.
problem Efficiently quantizing weights and activations in neural networks.
method Constraining quantization levels as sums of Powers-of-Two terms, applying reparameterization, and weight normalization.
result 4-bit quantized ResNet-50 achieves 76.6% top-1 accuracy, 22% computational cost reduction.
A new framework for neural network classification using vector quantization.
problem Learning a neural network classifier under the IB principle.
method Aggregated Learning framework, combining vector quantization and variational techniques.
result The effectiveness of Aggregated Learning verified through experiments.
Paper proposes BQNs for efficient Bayesian quantized neural networks.
problem Learning with well-calibrated uncertainty in neural networks.
method Bayesian quantized networks (BQNs) with efficient algorithms for learning and prediction without sampling.
result BQNs achieve lower predictive errors and better-calibrated uncertainties than E-QNN with less than 20% negative log-likelihood.
We present a theoretical and experimental investigation of the quantization problem for artificial neural networks. We provide a mathematical definition of quantized neural networks and analyze their approximation capabilities, showing in particular that any Lipschitz-continuous map defined on a hypercube can be unifor…
With the development of deep neural networks, the size of network models becomes larger and larger. Model compression has become an urgent need for deploying these network models to mobile or embedded devices. Model quantization is a representative model compression technique. Although a lot of quantization methods hav…
StatQAT optimizes quantization for deep networks, reducing computational cost and memory usage.
problem Optimal quantization parameters selection for deep neural networks with diverse data distributions.
method Statistical error analysis framework for uniform and floating-point quantization, iterative and analytic quantizers designed for arbitrary and Gaussian-like distributions.
result Improved accuracy and stability in training low-precision neural networks.
DQA efficiently quantizes deep neural network activations for resource-constrained devices.
problem Efficiently quantizing deep neural network activations for resource-constrained devices.
method DQA uses simple shifting-based operations and Huffman coding for sub-6-bit quantization.
result DQA achieves significantly better accuracy than direct quantization and state-of-the-art methods.
SPEQ improves quantized neural networks by stochastic precision sharing and cosine similarity loss.
problem Improving quantized deep neural networks for edge devices.
method SPEQ combines stochastic precision sharing and cosine similarity loss for knowledge distillation.
result SPEQ outperforms existing methods in various tasks.
FQ-Conv quantizes CNNs for efficient inference with low-precision weights and activations.
problem Reducing precision in DNNs leads to reduced accuracy.
method Fully quantized convolutional neural networks (FQ-Conv) using novel quantization and training techniques.
result Ternary-weight CNNs perform nearly as well as full-precision networks.
SQWA improves low-precision DNNs with model averaging and quantization.
problem Designing good generalization DNNs with quantized weights.
method Floating-point model training, direct quantization, multiple low-precision models, weight averaging, re-quantization, fine-tuning, loss visualization.
result State-of-the-art results for 2-bit QDNNs on CIFAR-100 and ImageNet datasets.
AskewSGD optimizes quantized neural networks with interval-constrained optimization.
problem Training deep neural networks with quantized weights.
method Formulates QNN training as smoothed interval-constrained optimization, proposes AskewSGD for solving each subproblem.
result AskewSGD avoids projections and allows infeasible iterates, performs better than state-of-the-art methods.
Mirror Descent framework for efficient neural network quantization.
problem Efficiently quantize large neural networks for resource-limited devices.
method Introduce Mirror Descent framework for constrained optimization of quantized neural networks.
result Mirror Descent framework achieves state-of-the-art performance in quantized neural networks.
AdaRound improves post-training quantization of neural networks.
problem Improving the accuracy of quantized weights in neural networks.
method Adaptive rounding mechanism that adapts to data and task loss.
result AdaRound outperforms rounding-to-nearest and achieves state-of-the-art performance.
DJPQ optimizes neural network pruning and quantization for hardware efficiency.
problem Efficiently compress neural networks for hardware inference.
method Joint gradient-based optimization of pruning and quantization into a differentiable loss function.
result Significant reduction in Bit-Operations (BOPs) with minimal accuracy loss.
Low bit-width integer weights and activations are very important for efficient inference, especially with respect to lower power consumption. We propose Monte Carlo methods to quantize the weights and activations of pre-trained neural networks without any re-training. By performing importance sampling we obtain quantiz…
To make deep neural networks feasible in resource-constrained environments (such as mobile devices), it is beneficial to quantize models by using low-precision weights. One common technique for quantizing neural networks is the straight-through gradient method, which enables back-propagation through the quantization ma…
Quantization of neural networks has become common practice, driven by the need for efficient implementations of deep neural networks on embedded devices. In this paper, we exploit an oft-overlooked degree of freedom in most networks - for a given layer, individual output channels can be scaled by any factor provided th…
DBQ quantizes lightweight networks efficiently for resource-constrained devices.
problem High computational and storage complexity of deep neural networks on resource-constrained devices.
method A differentiable non-uniform quantizer that can be mapped onto efficient ternary-based dot product engines.
result Achieves state-of-the-art results with minimal training overhead and best accuracy-complexity trade-off.
New insights into quantized neural networks reveal learning dynamics and generalization errors.
problem Understanding the impact of quantization hyperparameters on learning dynamics in high-dimensional models.
method Theoretical analysis and fixed-point analysis of STE dynamics in quantized models.
result STE training in quantized models converges to a plateau followed by a sharp drop in generalization error, influenced by quantization range.
This work proposes a complete 8-bit quantization framework for large-scale deep neural networks.
problem Training large-scale deep neural networks with high performance and low memory footprint.
method WAGEUBN framework that quantizes all data paths including weights, activations, gradients, errors, updates, and batch normalization.
result Achieves competitive accuracy on the ImageNet dataset using only 8-bit integers.
Recent machine learning methods use increasingly large deep neural networks to achieve state of the art results in various tasks. The gains in performance come at the cost of a substantial increase in computation and storage requirements. This makes real-time implementations on limited resources hardware a challenging …
Based on the notion of information bottleneck (IB), we formulate a quantization problem called "IB quantization". We show that IB quantization is equivalent to learning based on the IB principle. Under this equivalence, the standard neural network models can be viewed as scalar (single sample) IB quantizers. It is know…
WaveQ uses sinusoidal regularization to optimize deep quantization for neural networks, improving both efficiency and accuracy.
problem Deep quantization reduces bitwidth but can lead to significant accuracy loss due to inter-layer dependencies.
method WaveQ employs sinusoidal regularization to learn multiple quantization parameters during gradient-based training, balancing compute efficiency and accuracy.
result WaveQ achieves accuracy preservation and efficiency gains across various deep networks, outperforming state-of-the-art techniques.
A method for reducing neural network size using look-up tables.
problem Reducing memory and computational footprint of deep neural networks.
method Iteratively learns value dictionaries and assignment matrices for network weights.
result General framework for network reduction that can handle various reduction problems.