Waveform physiological data is important in the treatment of critically ill patients in the intensive care unit. Such recordings are susceptible to artefacts, which must be removed before the data can be re-used for alerting or reprocessed for other clinical or research purposes. Accurate removal of artefacts reduces b…
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48 results for “Intensive Care Units”
We study multiple rule-based and machine learning (ML) models for sepsis detection. We report the first neural network detection and prediction results on three categories of sepsis. We have used the retrospective Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-III dataset, restricted to intensive care unit (ICU) p…
HOLMES improves real-time model serving for ICU patients, balancing accuracy and speed.
problem Real-time model serving is crucial in ICU due to urgency and cost.
method Online model ensemble serving framework for healthcare applications.
result HOLMES achieves high accuracy and sub-second latency for model ensemble serving.
Study improves predictive models for ICU data across hospitals.
problem Degradation of predictive model performance in new hospitals.
method Anchor regression and anchor boosting for domain generalization.
result Anchor regularization enhances out-of-distribution performance.
Predicting Length of Stay in the Intensive Care Unit with Temporal Pointwise Convolutional Networkscs.LG
New model predicts ICU patients' stay duration efficiently.
problem Efficient ICU bed allocation under resource constraints.
method Temporal Pointwise Convolution (TPC) model combining temporal and pointwise convolutions.
result Significant performance improvements over LSTM and Transformer models.
Intensive care data are valuable for improvement of health care, policy making and many other purposes. Vast amount of such data are stored in different locations, on many different devices and in different data silos. Sharing data among different sources is a big challenge due to regulatory, operational and security r…
There is growing interest in applying machine learning methods to Electronic Medical Records (EMR). Across different institutions, however, EMR quality can vary widely. This work investigated the impact of this disparity on the performance of three advanced machine learning algorithms: logistic regression, multilayer p…
System predicts respiratory failure up to 8 hours early.
problem Early detection of respiratory failure in ICU patients.
method Machine learning on ICU patient monitoring data.
result System outperforms traditional clinical decision-making.
Our work focuses on the problem of predicting the transfer of pediatric patients from the general ward of a hospital to the pediatric intensive care unit. Using data collected over 5.5 years from the electronic health records of two medical facilities, we develop classifiers based on adaptive boosting and gradient tree…
Temporal Pointwise Convolutional Networks for Length of Stay Prediction in the Intensive Care Unitcs.LG
New model predicts ICU patient stays more accurately.
problem Efficient ICU bed allocation under resource constraints.
method Temporal Pointwise Convolutional Networks (TPC) combining temporal and pointwise convolutions.
result Significant performance improvements over LSTM and Transformer models.
Intensive care clinicians are presented with large quantities of patient information and measurements from a multitude of monitoring systems. The limited ability of humans to process such complex information hinders physicians to readily recognize and act on early signs of patient deterioration. We used machine learnin…
Clinical decision making is challenging because of pathological complexity, as well as large amounts of heterogeneous data generated as part of routine clinical care. In recent years, machine learning tools have been developed to aid this process. Intensive care unit (ICU) admissions represent the most data dense and t…
Determining whether hypotensive patients in intensive care units (ICUs) should receive fluid bolus therapy (FBT) has been an extremely challenging task for intensive care physicians as the corresponding increase in blood pressure has been hard to predict. Our study utilized regression models and attention-based recurre…
Acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Development of novel methods to identify patients with AKI earlier will allow for testing of novel strategies to prevent or reduce the complications of AKI. We developed data-driven prediction models to estimate…
Dynamic Mortality Risk Predictions in Pediatric Critical Care Using Recurrent Neural Networksstat.ML
Viewing the trajectory of a patient as a dynamical system, a recurrent neural network was developed to learn the course of patient encounters in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of a major tertiary care center. Data extracted from Electronic Medical Records (EMR) of about 12000 patients who were admitted to the…
Identification of physiological shock in intensive care units via Bayesian regime switching modelsstat.AP
Bayesian model detects internal bleeding in ICU patients.
problem Late detection of internal bleeding in ICU patients.
method Bayesian regime switching model analyzing vitals and labs.
result Probabilistic assessment of patient's physiological state.
Novel method combines neural network features with survival models for ICU infections.
problem Improving predictive models of ICU infections while maintaining interpretability.
method Semi-parametric approach combining low-resolution and high-resolution data.
result Improved predictive power with interpretability maintained.
Bedside monitors in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) frequently sound incorrectly, slowing response times and desensitising nurses to alarms (Chambrin, 2001), causing true alarms to be missed (Hug et al., 2011). We compare sliding window predictors with recurrent predictors to classify patient state-of-health from ICU multi…
Paper uses RL to optimize ICU load during COVID-19.
problem Optimizing ICU load during a pandemic.
method Combines epidemic model, Bayesian inference, and RL for adaptive intervention levels.
result RL policies reduce ICU burden compared to historical interventions.
New method identifies proxies for causal effects on multiple outcomes.
problem Estimating causal effects in scenarios with multiple outcomes and treatments.
method Causal discovery method leveraging multiple outcomes as proxies for each treatment effect.
result Parallel studies of multiple outcomes can assist in causal identification.
CTRNNs improve blood glucose forecasting in ICU, outperforming traditional models.
problem Forecasting blood glucose in ICU with irregular measurements.
method Continuous time autoregressive recurrent neural networks (CTRNNs) using neural ODE or neural flow layers.
result CTRNNs generally outperform traditional autoregressive models in probabilistic forecasting of blood glucose.
Paper proposes a new method to handle missing data in medical records using sequential variational autoencoders.
problem Missing data in medical records due to sensor off-times and uneven data collection.
method Sequential variational autoencoders (VAEs) with a new methodology called Shi-VAE.
result Shi-VAE achieves the best performance in terms of both metrics compared to state-of-the-art methods.
The timeliness of detection of a sepsis event in progress is a crucial factor in the outcome for the patient. Machine learning models built from data in electronic health records can be used as an effective tool for improving this timeliness, but so far the potential for clinical implementations has been largely limite…
Develops causal framework for fair survival analysis in healthcare.
problem Fairness in survival analysis for high-stakes domains like healthcare.
method Causal framework using graphical models, conditional survival function, and Causal Reduction Theorem.
result Decomposes disparities in survival into direct, indirect, and spurious pathways.
Objective: Predict patient-specific vitals deemed medically acceptable for discharge from a pediatric intensive care unit (ICU). Design: The means of each patient's hr, sbp and dbp measurements between their medical and physical discharge from the ICU were computed as a proxy for their physiologically acceptable state …
We introduce a novel apprenticeship learning algorithm to learn an expert's underlying reward structure in off-policy model-free \emph{batch} settings. Unlike existing methods that require a dynamics model or additional data acquisition for on-policy evaluation, our algorithm requires only the batch data of observed ex…
Aiming for Relevancecs.LG
Novel metrics improve machine learning models for ICU patient care.
problem Predicting vital sign trajectories for early detection of adverse events.
method Developed novel performance metrics aligned with clinical contexts, validated on simulated and real datasets, and optimized neural networks using these metrics.
result Neural networks trained with these metrics excel in predicting clinically significant events.
Timely prediction of clinically critical events in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is important for improving care and survival rate. Most of the existing approaches are based on the application of various classification methods on explicitly extracted statistical features from vital signals. In this work, we propose to elim…
We present a proxy dataset of vital signs with class labels indicating patient transitions from the ward to intensive care units called Ward2ICU. Patient privacy is protected using a Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network to implicitly learn an approximation of the data distribution, allowing us to sample synthetic…
Study develops electronic phenotypes of ICU patient acuity.
problem Limited time for patient acuity assessments and imprecise clinical trajectory prediction.
method Developed electronic phenotypes using automated variable retrieval in electronic health records.
result Identified three phenotypes: persistently stable, persistently unstable, and transitioning from unstable to stable.
To improve the performance of Intensive Care Units (ICUs), the field of bio-statistics has developed scores which try to predict the likelihood of negative outcomes. These help evaluate the effectiveness of treatments and clinical practice, and also help to identify patients with unexpected outcomes. However, they have…
Study proposes managing COVID-19 without economy shutdowns.
problem Avoiding lockdowns while maintaining healthcare system capacity.
method Detailed heterogeneous epidemiological model, calibrated to data.
result Countries can avoid lockdowns if ICU beds per million > 100.
In this work, we present the Grounded Recurrent Neural Network (GRNN), a recurrent neural network architecture for multi-label prediction which explicitly ties labels to specific dimensions of the recurrent hidden state (we call this process "grounding"). The approach is particularly well-suited for extracting large nu…
Predictive models identify patients at risk of severe COVID-19.
problem Identifying patients at risk of severe COVID-19 to ease healthcare strain.
method Machine learning on routinely collected clinical data.
result Models predict positive SARS-CoV-2 tests, hospitalizations, and critical care with high accuracy.
Predicting the risk of mortality for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) using electronic health records (EHRs) data can help identify risky patients who might need more tailored care. In our previous work, we built computational models to predict one-year mortality of patients admitted to an intensive care…
A large volume of research has considered the creation of predictive models for clinical data; however, much existing literature reports results using only a single source of data. In this work, we evaluate the performance of models trained on the publicly-available eICU Collaborative Research Database. We show that cr…
The paper tackles ICU discharge strategies by evaluating optimal stopping scenarios.
problem Optimal stopping in ICU discharge with complex causal inference challenges.
method Generalized g-formula implementation and application to MIMIC-IV dataset.
result Improved ICU discharge strategies demonstrated with the g-formula approach.
Study automates detection of visitation disruptions in ICU patients.
problem Difficulty in detecting frequent visitation disruptions in ICU patients.
method Used DensePose R-CNN model to count people in video frames, analyzed disruptions and patient outcomes.
result Automated method detects visitation disruptions, impacts on pain and length of stay examined.
Bayesian Modelling in Practice: Using Uncertainty to Improve Trustworthiness in Medical Applicationscs.LG
The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is a hospital department where machine learning has the potential to provide valuable assistance in clinical decision making. Classical machine learning models usually only provide point-estimates and no uncertainty of predictions. In practice, uncertain predictions should be presented to …
A latent topic model for mining heterogenous non-randomly missing electronic health records datacs.LG
Electronic health records (EHR) are rich heterogeneous collection of patient health information, whose broad adoption provides great opportunities for systematic health data mining. However, heterogeneous EHR data types and biased ascertainment impose computational challenges. Here, we present mixEHR, an unsupervised g…
With the improvement of medical data capturing, vast amount of continuous patient monitoring data, e.g., electrocardiogram (ECG), real-time vital signs and medications, become available for clinical decision support at intensive care units (ICUs). However, it becomes increasingly challenging to model such data, due to …
Develops framework for estimating and improving DTRs with time-varying IV in the presence of unmeasured confounding.
problem Estimating DTRs from observational data with unmeasured confounding.
method Time-varying instrumental variable (IV) framework for estimating and improving DTRs.
result IV-optimal and IV-improved DTRs perform better than DTRs assuming no unmeasured confounding.
Patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) require constant and close supervision. To assist clinical staff in this task, hospitals use monitoring systems that trigger audiovisual alarms if their algorithms indicate that a patient's condition may be worsening. However, current monitoring systems are extremely sensitive …
The presence of bacteria or fungi in the bloodstream of patients is abnormal and can lead to life-threatening conditions. A computational model based on a bidirectional long short-term memory artificial neural network, is explored to assist doctors in the intensive care unit to predict whether examination of blood cult…
Bayesian method estimates dynamics from near-optimal trajectories.
problem Estimating dynamics from near-optimal expert trajectories in reinforcement learning.
method Constraint-based Bayesian approach integrating expert near-optimality.
result Significant improvements in decision-making and transfer success.
We demonstrate a simple strategy to cope with missing data in sequential inputs, addressing the task of multilabel classification of diagnoses given clinical time series. Collected from the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) at Children's Hospital Los Angeles, our data consists of multivariate time series of observat…
While the volume of electronic health records (EHR) data continues to grow, it remains rare for hospital systems to capture dense physiological data streams, even in the data-rich intensive care unit setting. Instead, typical EHR records consist of sparse and irregularly observed multivariate time series, which are wel…
Early hospital mortality prediction is critical as intensivists strive to make efficient medical decisions about the severely ill patients staying in intensive care units. As a result, various methods have been developed to address this problem based on clinical records. However, some of the laboratory test results are…