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arXiv research

A locally-built, LLM-digested index of recent arXiv papers in quant finance, geometry/topology, and statistical ML — keyword search served straight from SQLite on this machine.

168,694 papers · 148 categories

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19385675 · May 202619922001200920172026
48 results for Healthcare AI

Framework for AI healthcare products from concept to market.

problem Failure of AI products to reach clinics despite promising potential.
method Decision-making framework for AI healthcare product development.
result Guides through a three-phase process to market launch of validated AI products.

The paper proposes a method to calibrate healthcare AI models for reliability and interpretability.

problem Characterizing model reliability and enabling introspection of model behavior in clinical decision making.
method A calibration-driven learning method combined with interpretability techniques based on counterfactual reasoning.
result Demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach using a lesion classification problem with dermoscopy images.

GPT-4 assesses its confidence in answering USMLE questions with and without feedback.

problem Understanding AI's performance in healthcare applications, especially in sensitive areas like medical education.
method Used a prompting technique to evaluate GPT-4's confidence scores before and after answering USMLE questions, categorized into with and without feedback.
result Feedback influences relative confidence but doesn't consistently increase or decrease it.

Paper analyzes uncertainty metrics in ensemble learning for healthcare AI.

problem Selecting appropriate uncertainty metrics for ensemble learners in healthcare AI.
method Rigorous analysis of two uncertainty metrics: ensemble mean and variance.
result Ensemble mean is preferable to ensemble variance for decision making in healthcare AI.

Survey reviews explainability in AI for healthcare, emphasizing trust and transparency.

problem Lack of transparency hinders AI adoption in healthcare.
method Comprehensive literature review to guide explainable AI design.
result Quantitative evaluation metrics are needed for some explainability properties.

Study improves conformal prediction for EEG classification in healthcare, enhancing coverage.

problem Uncertainty quantification in clinical predictions, especially in distribution-shifted settings.
method Personalized calibration strategies to improve coverage of prediction sets.
result Coverage improved by over 20 percentage points with comparable prediction set sizes.

While artificial intelligence (AI) and other automation technologies might lead to enormous progress in healthcare, they may also have undesired consequences for people working in the field. In this interdisciplinary study, we capture empirical evidence of not only what healthcare work could be automated, but also what…

2019-10-21abs ↗pdf ↗

AM-PPI uses multiple predictors to reduce label cost in healthcare AI.

problem Reduces label cost in post-deployment monitoring of healthcare AI.
method Combines model predictions with a small labeled sample, routing each instance to a cost-appropriate subset of predictors.
result Produces narrower confidence intervals than single-predictor methods.

Paper detects biases in medical imaging ML models using counterfactual analysis.

problem Bias in medical imaging ML models negatively impacts generalization performance.
method Counterfactual invariance framework combining conditional latent diffusion models and statistical hypothesis testing.
result The method identifies and quantifies biases without direct access to counterfactual data.

Do-AIQ framework evaluates AI algorithms' quality using DOE.

problem Quality evaluation of AI mislabel detection algorithms.
method Design-of-experiment approach with high-dimensional constraint space design and surrogate modeling.
result Established framework for evaluating AI algorithm quality robustly.

The recent wave of AI and automation has been argued to differ from previous General Purpose Technologies (GPTs), in that it may lead to rapid change in occupations' underlying task requirements and persistent technological unemployment. In this paper, we apply a novel methodology of dynamic task shares to a large data…

2020-01-28abs ↗pdf ↗

AI predicts medical specialty diagnostic choices from EHR records.

problem Predicting timely medical specialty diagnostic workups for patients.
method Ensemble of feed-forward neural networks trained on EHR data.
result Significantly higher accuracy compared to traditional checklists.

Enhances understanding of patient healthcare journeys using self-attention.

problem Capturing hidden dependencies in multi-level patient journey data.
method Proposes a multi-level self-attention network (MusaNet) for encoding patient journeys.
result MusaNet produces higher-quality representations than state-of-the-art methods.

Study reveals AI skin cancer classifiers underperform for darker skin phototypes, advocating for fairness auditing.

problem AI bias in dermatology, particularly for darker skin phototypes.
method Predictive Representativity (PR) framework, evaluating classifiers on HAM10000 and BOSQUE Test sets.
result Substantial performance disparities by skin phototype, highlighting AI bias.

AFA evaluates AI feature acquisition strategies in domains with high costs.

problem Evaluate AI feature acquisition strategies in domains with high costs.
method Apply missing data methods and offline reinforcement learning under NDE and NUC assumptions.
result Propose a novel semi-offline reinforcement learning framework with three new estimators.

RSM provides insights into deep survival models' decision-making.

problem Ensuring trust in deep survival models' predictions for healthcare applications.
method Reverse survival model (RSM) framework that explains deep survival models' decisions.
result RSM extracts relevant features for deep survival models' predictions.

An increasing number of decisions regarding the daily lives of human beings are being controlled by artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms in spheres ranging from healthcare, transportation, and education to college admissions, recruitment, provision of loans and many more realms. Since they now touch on many aspects …

2020-01-21abs ↗pdf ↗

Framework for AI customer support that protects privacy and reduces costs.

problem Privacy risks and compliance challenges in AI customer support.
method Zero-shot learning with large language models, real-time data anonymization, retrieval-augmented generation, robust post-processing.
result Reduces privacy risks and compliance costs while maintaining accuracy.

Benchmark evaluates AI-generated financial QA hallucinations, highlighting system vulnerabilities.

problem Ensuring factual accuracy of AI-generated financial QA outputs.
method Developed a benchmark dataset and evaluated six detection methods under clean and noisy conditions.
result LLM-based judges and embedding methods perform best, but degrade under noisy conditions.

Aims to integrate AI and modelling for patient health forecasting.

problem Personalized, precise treatment plans for patients.
method Graph neural network (GNNs) and generative adversarial network (GANs) for probabilistic simulations.
result Demonstrated integration of molecular data for predicting physiological state evolution.

Study evaluates how framing affects machine learning models for sepsis prediction.

problem Understanding and reporting framing is crucial for AI technology success.
method Four different approaches applied to AI models of sepsis prediction.
result On-clinical-demand framing showed the lowest missing values and best temporal dependencies.

The hypothesis that computational models can be reliable enough to be adopted in prognosis and patient care is revolutionizing healthcare. Deep learning, in particular, has been a game changer in building predictive models, thus leading to community-wide data curation efforts. However, due to inherent variabilities in …

2018-09-20abs ↗pdf ↗

ML Compass helps organizations choose AI models that balance utility, cost, and compliance.

problem Selecting AI models that meet user utility, deployment costs, and compliance requirements.
method Develops ML Compass, a framework for constrained optimization over a capability-cost frontier, using internal measures and empirical data.
result ML Compass produces deployment-aware recommendations that differ from capability-only rankings, clarifying trade-offs between capability, cost, and safety.

New algorithm optimizes online decision-making with dynamically generated actions.

problem Balancing action generation costs with optimal decision-making in online learning.
method Doubly-optimistic algorithm using LCB for action selection and UCB for action generation.
result Achieves optimal regret bound of O(Tdd+2ddd+2+dTlogT)O(T^{\frac{d}{d+2}}d^{\frac{d}{d+2}} + d\sqrt{T\log T}).

Smartphone app diagnoses pulmonary diseases from chest X-rays.

problem Scarcity of training data and class imbalance issues.
method Data Augmentation Generative Adversarial Network (DAGAN) and Convolutional Siamese Network with attention mechanism.
result Achieved 99.30% and 98.40% testing accuracy on Binary/Multiclass scenarios.

A statistical description and model of individual healthcare expenditures in the US has been developed for measuring value in healthcare. We find evidence that healthcare expenditures are quantifiable as an infusion-diffusion process, which can be thought of intuitively as a steady change in the intensity of treatment …

2008-06-14abs ↗pdf ↗