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arXiv research

A locally-built, LLM-digested index of recent arXiv papers in quant finance, geometry/topology, and statistical ML — keyword search served straight from SQLite on this machine.

168,695 papers · 148 categories

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248496743991 · Jun 202019922001200920172026
48 results for Empirical process techniques

Importance sampling has become an important tool for the computation of tail-based risk measures. Since such quantities are often determined mainly by rare events standard Monte Carlo can be inefficient and importance sampling provides a way to speed up computations. This paper considers moderate deviations for the wei…

2013-06-27abs ↗pdf ↗

We present a Dirichlet process mixture model over discrete incomplete rankings and study two Gibbs sampling inference techniques for estimating posterior clusterings. The first approach uses a slice sampling subcomponent for estimating cluster parameters. The second approach marginalizes out several cluster parameters …

2012-03-15abs ↗pdf ↗

In this paper, we consider the tensor completion problem representing the solution in the tensor train (TT) format. It is assumed that tensor is high-dimensional, and tensor values are generated by an unknown smooth function. The assumption allows us to develop an efficient initialization scheme based on Gaussian Proce…

2019-12-11abs ↗pdf ↗

Enhances fairness in multi-output models using optimal transport.

problem Improving fairness in multi-output models like multi-task/multi-class classification and representation learning.
method Post-processing method using optimal transport mappings to move model outputs towards empirical Wasserstein barycenter.
result Demonstrates effectiveness of the proposed approach on multi-task/multi-class classification and representation learning tasks.

The paper improves semi-supervised learning using ff-divergences and αα-Rényi divergences.

problem Improving semi-supervised learning with noisy pseudo-labels.
method Inspired by ff-divergences and αα-Rényi divergences, the paper develops new empirical risk functions and regularization techniques.
result The new methods show better performance than traditional self-training methods, especially in noisy pseudo-label scenarios.

It has been shown that injecting noise into the neural network weights during the training process leads to a better generalization of the resulting model. Noise injection in the distributed setup is a straightforward technique and it represents a promising approach to improve the locally trained models. We investigate…

2018-09-27abs ↗pdf ↗

This paper reviews methods for interpreting deep learning models with sequential data.

problem Limited interpretability of deep learning models in sequential data domains.
method Reviews and compares techniques for sequential interpretability.
result Current techniques have limitations and future research is needed.

We develop a modelling framework for multiple yield curves driven by continuous-state branching processes with immigration (CBI processes). Exploiting the self-exciting behavior of CBI jump processes, this approach can reproduce the relevant empirical features of spreads between different interbank rates. In particular…

2019-11-07abs ↗pdf ↗

Nonparametric adaptive robust control tackles model uncertainty in stochastic processes.

problem Model uncertainty in stochastic processes.
method Adaptive robust control methodology using online learning and uncertainty reduction, empirical distribution, and Lagrangian duality.
result Nonparametric adaptive robust control approach is preferable to traditional robust frameworks.

Paper connects neural networks to Gaussian processes for understanding double-descent.

problem Understanding the double-descent phenomenon in neural networks.
method Uses techniques from random matrix theory and Gaussian processes.
result Establishes a connection between NNGP and random matrix theory for neural networks.

Study uniform learnability of binary classification networks with communication.

problem Learning a network with communication between vertices from uniform ergodic Random Graph Process.
method Introduced structural Rademacher complexity and used martingale method and Marton's coupling.
result Uniform learnability as worst-case theoretical limits for binary classification problems.

Study evaluates fairness of machine learning models on Kaggle and finds some optimization techniques can induce unfairness.

problem Ensuring fairness of machine learning models used in important decisions.
method Empirical evaluation of 40 top-rated models from Kaggle on 5 tasks, applying 7 mitigation techniques.
result Some model optimization techniques induce unfairness; mitigation in pre-processing is preferred.

A new method for accurately reconstructing signals without knowing the kernel or signal regularity.

problem Recovering signals from noisy measurements without prior knowledge of the convolution kernel or signal regularity.
method Parametrizing the convolution kernel and prior length-scales, jointly estimated in the inversion procedure.
result Accurate reconstructions of signals with varying regularity and unknown kernel size.

Study risk-controlling prediction sets for single trajectory data from dynamical systems.

problem Performance guarantees for risk-controlling prediction sets in single trajectory data from unknown stochastic dynamical systems.
method Used blocking and decoupling techniques to analyze performance guarantees under different data generating processes.
result Performance guarantees similar to iid setting when data is stationary and contractive, with graceful degradation otherwise.

Bayesian nonparametrics improves data-driven risk optimization under distributional uncertainty.

problem Improving out-of-sample performance in machine learning models due to distributional uncertainty.
method Combining Bayesian nonparametric theory and decision-theoretic preferences to propose a robust optimization criterion.
result The proposed robust optimization procedure provides favorable statistical guarantees and tractable approximations.

We present an online approach to portfolio selection. The motivation is within the context of algorithmic trading, which demands fast and recursive updates of portfolio allocations, as new data arrives. In particular, we look at two online algorithms: Robust-Exponentially Weighted Least Squares (R-EWRLS) and a regulari…

2010-05-17abs ↗pdf ↗

New model estimates higher-order interactions in stochastic processes using lower-dimensional projections.

problem Estimating higher-order interaction effects in stochastic processes with limited data.
method Additive Poisson Process (APP) combines information geometry and generalized additive models to model intensity functions in lower dimensions.
result The model can estimate higher-order intensity functions with sparse data.

SGPA calibrates transformer uncertainty for safety-critical tasks.

problem Uncertainty estimation in transformer models for safety-critical domains.
method Bayesian inference in transformer's output space using sparse Gaussian processes.
result SGPA-based Transformers improve in-distribution calibration and out-of-distribution robustness.

A typical audio signal processing pipeline includes multiple disjoint analysis stages, including calculation of a time-frequency representation followed by spectrogram-based feature analysis. We show how time-frequency analysis and nonnegative matrix factorisation can be jointly formulated as a spectral mixture Gaussia…

2019-01-31abs ↗pdf ↗

Popular deep learning uncertainty estimation methods often mislead on out-of-distribution data.

problem Misleading uncertainty estimates on out-of-distribution data.
method Analysis of Gaussian process, Bayesian neural networks, and Monte Carlo dropout methods.
result BNNs and MCDropout do not always provide high uncertainty estimates on out-of-distribution samples.

Generative models solve medical imaging inverse problems without needing paired data.

problem Reconstructing medical images from partial measurements.
method Score-based generative models trained on medical images, then sampling to reconstruct images consistent with measurements and physical model.
result Comparable or better performance in CT and MRI tasks, with improved generalization to unknown measurement processes.

Framework purifies approximate differential privacy to pure differential privacy.

problem Achieving pure differential privacy from approximate differential privacy.
method Randomized post-processing with calibrated noise to eliminate δ parameter.
result First statistically and computationally efficient reduction from approximate DP to pure DP.

This paper investigates robust versions of the general empirical risk minimization algorithm, one of the core techniques underlying modern statistical methods. Success of the empirical risk minimization is based on the fact that for a "well-behaved" stochastic process {f(X), fF}\left\{ f(X), \ f\in \mathcal F\right\} indexed b…

2019-10-16abs ↗pdf ↗

Study challenges the necessity of data augmentation for improving predictions on imbalanced text datasets.

problem Improving predictions on imbalanced text datasets.
method Comparing classifier cutoff adjustments to data augmentation techniques.
result Classifier cutoff adjustments can produce similar results to data augmentation without the need for additional data.

We propose Dirichlet Process mixtures of Generalized Linear Models (DP-GLM), a new method of nonparametric regression that accommodates continuous and categorical inputs, and responses that can be modeled by a generalized linear model. We prove conditions for the asymptotic unbiasedness of the DP-GLM regression mean fu…

2009-09-28abs ↗pdf ↗

This work introduces a new data-driven estimator for the Bayesian Cramér-Rao bound using score matching.

problem Benchmarking the performance of statistical estimators and providing a principled metric for system design and optimization.
method Score matching technique to estimate the Bayesian Cramér-Rao bound from training data.
result Developed novel non-asymptotic bounds on the score matching error and the Bayesian CRB estimator.

Proposes a method to optimize neural network initialization using marginal likelihood maximization.

problem Optimizing hyperparameters for neural network initialization.
method Leverages the connection between neural networks and Gaussian processes to infer optimal hyperparameters.
result Marginal likelihood maximization provides near-optimal prediction performance on MNIST classification tasks.

A new method for faster prediction in distributed Gaussian processes.

problem Inefficient aggregation of distributed Gaussian processes with correlations.
method Proposes a novel approach for aggregated prediction in distributed GPs that incorporates correlations among experts.
result Results in more stable predictions in less time compared to state-of-the-art methods.

Latent feature models are attractive for image modeling, since images generally contain multiple objects. However, many latent feature models ignore that objects can appear at different locations or require pre-segmentation of images. While the transformed Indian buffet process (tIBP) provides a method for modeling tra…

2012-06-27abs ↗pdf ↗

Novel deep Gaussian process improves predictive uncertainty.

problem Flexible probabilistic data representations with tractable inference.
method Structured Gaussian variational family with marginalisation.
result Improved accuracy and calibrated uncertainty estimates.

The paper proposes a new method for density estimation using spline quasi-interpolation for clustering.

problem Density estimation and clustering modeling for multivariate data.
method Spline quasi-interpolation for mono-variate approximation, copulas for multivariate modeling.
result The proposed method achieves accurate clustering of data using copulas and spline quasi-interpolation.

New method for PU learning with instance-dependent propensity scores.

problem Learning from positive and unlabeled data with instance-dependent labeling.
method Empirical risk minimization of joint risk function, alternating optimization of posterior probability and propensity score.
result The method achieves comparable or better performance than state-of-the-art methods.

Calibrating a Lévy process usually requires characterizing its jump distribution. Traditionally this problem can be solved with nonparametric estimation using the empirical characteristic functions (ECF), assuming certain regularity, and results to date are mostly in 1D. For multivariate Lévy processes and less smooth …

2018-12-20abs ↗pdf ↗