Novel IRL method identifies suboptimal medical decisions in ICU data.
problem Identifying suboptimal medical decisions in clinical settings.
method Incorporates Inverse Reinforcement Learning with a pruning step to identify and remove suboptimal actions.
result Pruning step effectively identifies clinical priorities and values from suboptimal data.
The paper analyzes transaction fees on blockchains using a priority queue model.
problem Understanding and optimizing transaction fees on blockchain networks.
method An M/G^K/1 priority queue model is used to analyze transaction fees and user behavior.
result New insights into the dynamics of transaction fees and their impact on user behavior are provided.
Enhances multi-project scheduling with multiple priority rules.
problem Resource allocation in multi-project scheduling with limited time and resources.
method Simulation-based approach using composite priority rules.
result Increased probability of finding schedules with shortest duration.
Machine learning models detect COVID-19 from routine blood tests.
problem Separating COVID-19 from other viral pneumonias using blood tests.
method Employed random forests and support vector machines on blood data.
result SVM-based classifier achieves 84% accuracy in detecting COVID-19.
Blockchain markets with paid-priority trading can lead to biased prices and reduced liquidity.
problem Discrete clearing and paid-priority in blockchain markets lead to biased prices and reduced liquidity.
method Developed a model to evaluate the viability of blockchain markets under discrete clearing and paid-priority.
result Paid-priority ordering induces endogenous selection, leading to biased prices and reduced liquidity.
Optimal trading strategy between CEXs and DEXs with priority fees and stochastic delays.
problem Managing latency risk in trading between centralized and decentralized exchanges.
method Developed a mixed control framework combining absolutely continuous controls with impulse interventions, allowing for stochastic execution delays and multiple pending orders.
result Optimal priority fee selection significantly outperforms non-strategic fee selection.
Designs for allocating resources to prioritize needy applicants while estimating treatment effects.
problem Resource allocation under uncertainty with prioritized queues.
method Priority-queue randomization for treatment assignment and estimation of treatment effects.
result Identification of causal effects under different arrival and treatment assignment scenarios.
Neural networks learn clean data patterns first, then noisy data, leading to improved performance initially but deteriorating later.
problem Improvement in prediction error on clean data during early training of neural networks with noisy labels.
method Theoretical analysis and experiments to explore the dynamics of gradient descent and the impact of clean and noisy data.
result Neural networks prioritize learning clean data patterns first, leading to improved performance initially but deteriorating later due to diminishing gradient dominance of clean samples over noisy ones.
AI generates a sequence of death causes from hospital records.
problem Accurate death reporting for vital statistics and policy formulation.
method Neural machine translation models to generate causal chains, incorporating medical domain knowledge.
result Achieved 16.04 BLEU score for generating accurate causal chains.
Proposes a new method for feature selection using Bayesian ID with intervention.
problem Feature selection in data with varying importance.
method Probabilistic model for interpolative decomposition with Bayesian inference and Gibbs sampling.
result The proposed Bayesian ID algorithm with intervention selects features with higher priority and comparable reconstructive errors.
Federated learning improves CRC grading accuracy and privacy.
problem Inter-observer variability and data privacy in CRC grading.
method Multi-scale federated learning framework integrating ResNetRS50.
result Framework achieves 83.5% accuracy, outperforming centralized models.
Study reveals AI's spontaneous topic changes in text prediction.
problem AI's inability to spontaneously switch topics like humans.
method Defined topic as Token Priority Graphs (TPGs) and analyzed self-attention models.
result AI can only switch topics if lower-priority tokens outnumber higher-priority ones.
The paper proposes a method to infer multi-objective rewards from preferences.
problem Modeling preferences based on multiple, often competing objectives.
method Modeling priorities lexicographically and inferring multi-objective rewards from observed preferences.
result Lexicographically-ordered rewards provide a better understanding of preferences and improve policies.
The paper models blockchain queues and trading dynamics, finding conditions for transaction priority and price impact.
problem Understanding and predicting price impacts in blockchain trading environments.
method Developed a probabilistic model for blockchain queues with adversarial scheduling, derived expressions for transaction priority and price impact.
result Conditions for transaction priority and statistical models for price impact in blockchain trading environments.
A new method for optimizing hierarchical multi-objective problems.
problem Symmetry and neglect of objective hierarchy in existing multi-objective methods.
method Priority-Constrained Descent (PCD) framework exploiting hierarchical objective structures.
result Pareto dominance and better per-objective performance with secondary progress guarantees.
Study callable convertible bonds with liquidity constraints, generalizing previous work.
problem Callable convertible bond problem with liquidity constraints.
method Introduced a new technique to handle non-ordered payoff situations.
result Complete solution to callable convertible bond problem with liquidity constraint.
Study shows priority access in ELA auctions is less valuable due to volatility risks.
problem Impact of volatility on time-based transaction ordering policies.
method Single-round model with risk-averse bidders, tested using ETH price data.
result Priority access is discounted due to volatility and risk aversion.
We introduce a rich model for multi-objective clustering with lexicographic ordering over objectives and a slack. The slack denotes the allowed multiplicative deviation from the optimal objective value of the higher priority objective to facilitate improvement in lower-priority objectives. We then propose an algorithm …
Method learns evolving policies in healthcare contexts.
problem Understanding non-stationary behavior in evolving decision-making processes.
method Inverse Contextual Bandits (ICB) approach for learning interpretable representations of non-stationary behavior.
result Demonstrated applicability and accuracy of ICB method in liver transplantation policies.
After admission to emergency department (ED), patients with critical illnesses are transferred to intensive care unit (ICU) due to unexpected clinical deterioration occurrence. Identifying such unplanned ICU transfers is urgently needed for medical physicians to achieve two-fold goals: improving critical care quality a…
As a type of pseudoinverse learning, extreme learning machine (ELM) is able to achieve high performances in a rapid pace on benchmark datasets. However, when it is applied to real life large data, decline related to low-convergence of singular value decomposition (SVD) method occurs. Our study aims to resolve this issu…
The paper explores when to prioritize easy or hard samples in learning tasks.
problem Determining the optimal order of learning easy or hard samples.
method Theoretical analyses and experiments were conducted to propose and validate four priority modes.
result Four priority modes (easy-first, hard-first, medium-first, two-ends-first) can be flexibly applied.
A new model calculates optimal clearing payments in dynamic financial networks.
problem Determining fair clearing payments in networks with potential defaults.
method Extends Eisenberg-Noe model to multiple time periods, solving linear programs for optimal payments.
result Proves the model satisfies the priority of debt claims requirement and finds unique optimal payments.
Exploiting capacity of sewer system using decentralized control is a cost effective mean of minimizing the overflow. Given the size of the real sewer system, exploiting all the installed control structures in the sewer pipes can be challenging. This paper presents a divide and conquer solution to implement decentralize…
A new method prioritizes and recycles experiences for better reinforcement learning.
problem Improving reinforcement learning efficiency by prioritizing and recycling experiences.
method Double-prioritized state-recycled (DPSR) experience replay.
result DPSR achieved state-of-the-art results in Atari games, outperforming original and prioritized methods.
Analyzes incentives and strategies in financial networks.
problem Deciding default status and liabilities in a network of banks.
method Refined model of financial systems with priority assignments.
result Actions by banks can influence their own outcomes.
Deep RL learns effective job shop scheduling rules from raw features.
problem Designing effective priority dispatching rules for job shop scheduling is challenging.
method End-to-end deep reinforcement learning using Graph Neural Networks.
result Agent learns high-quality dispatching rules from raw features and generalizes well to unseen instances.
It is a challenging and complex task to acquire information from different regions of a disaster-affected area in a timely fashion. The extensive spread and reach of social media and networks allow people to share information in real-time. However, the processing of social media data and gathering of valuable informati…
The paper predicts diseases using both clinical and genomics data.
problem Clinical predictions using genomics data are not common.
method Integrated clinical and genomics datasets, machine learning, Principal Component Analysis for feature selection.
result 73% accuracy in predicting 75 disease classes.
Residual Networks with convolutional layers are widely used in the field of machine learning. Since they effectively extract features from input data by stacking multiple layers, they can achieve high accuracy in many applications. However, the stacking of many layers raises their computation costs. To address this pro…
Clinical notes contain a large amount of clinically valuable information that is ignored in many clinical decision support systems due to the difficulty that comes with mining that information. Recent work has found success leveraging deep learning models for the prediction of clinical outcomes using clinical notes. Ho…
Unified model optimizes experiment performance and reduces duration.
problem Balancing reward maximization and experiment termination.
method Unified model that considers both within-experiment and post-experiment outcomes.
result Familiar algorithms can optimize a broad class of objectives with proper parameter adjustment.
Improved K-Means++ and K-Means∥ with faster run-time.
problem Efficiently selecting initial seeds for K-means clustering.
method Triangle inequality pruning and dynamic priority queue.
result Up to 17x speedup for K-Means++ and 551x for K-Means$\$.
Clinical AI models fail to transfer between sites due to site-specific practices.
problem Clinical AI models perform poorly at new sites.
method Identify and isolate site-specific clinical practices affecting data distribution.
result A potential solution to improve model transferability.
Success in the quest for artificial intelligence has the potential to bring unprecedented benefits to humanity, and it is therefore worthwhile to investigate how to maximize these benefits while avoiding potential pitfalls. This article gives numerous examples (which should by no means be construed as an exhaustive lis…
System suggests clinical concepts in real-time for faster note creation.
problem Efficiently creating structured clinical notes with minimal keystrokes.
method Contextual autocompletion using shallow neural networks.
result Reduces keystrokes by 67% in real hospital environments.
We introduce SparseVM, a method that registers clinical-quality 3D MR scans both faster and more accurately than previously possible. Deformable alignment, or registration, of clinical scans is a fundamental task for many clinical neuroscience studies. However, most registration algorithms are designed for high-resolut…
AI predicts medical specialty diagnostic choices from EHR records.
problem Predicting timely medical specialty diagnostic workups for patients.
method Ensemble of feed-forward neural networks trained on EHR data.
result Significantly higher accuracy compared to traditional checklists.
Novel metrics improve machine learning models for ICU patient care.
problem Predicting vital sign trajectories for early detection of adverse events.
method Developed novel performance metrics aligned with clinical contexts, validated on simulated and real datasets, and optimized neural networks using these metrics.
result Neural networks trained with these metrics excel in predicting clinically significant events.
Machine learning predicts patient recruitment for clinical trials.
problem Improving patient recruitment prediction for clinical trials.
method Machine learning methods applied to historical clinical trial data.
result Reduced prediction error compared to current industry standards.
Recent research on Software-Defined Networking (SDN) strongly promotes the adoption of distributed controller architectures. To achieve high network performance, designing a scheduling function (SF) to properly dispatch requests from each switch to suitable controllers becomes critical. However, existing literature ten…
Clinical outcome prediction based on the Electronic Health Record (EHR) plays a crucial role in improving the quality of healthcare. Conventional deep sequential models fail to capture the rich temporal patterns encoded in the longand irregular clinical event sequences. We make the observation that clinical events at a…
With the maturation of metabolomics science and proliferation of biobanks, clinical metabolic profiling is an increasingly opportunistic frontier for advancing translational clinical research. Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) approaches provide exciting opportunity to guide feature selection in agnostic metabolic pr…
Skin cancer is one of the most common types of cancer around the world. For this reason, over the past years, different approaches have been proposed to assist detect it. Nonetheless, most of them are based only on dermoscopy images and do not take into account the patient clinical information. In this work, first, we …
Study develops a new algorithm for assessing clinical trial abstracts.
problem Limited tools for assessing qualitative statements in clinical research.
method Developed a three-class sentiment classification algorithm using BERT model.
result Algorithm achieved 91.3% classification accuracy and 0.92 macro F1-Score.
Improved negation detection in Dutch clinical texts using machine learning.
problem Extracting negation from clinical text for better model development.
method Comparison of rule-based and machine learning methods (biLSTM, RoBERTa).
result BiLSTM and RoBERTa models outperform rule-based method in F1 score, precision, and recall.
The paper explores using historical data to improve clinical trial analysis by optimizing covariate weights.
problem Limited covariates in small clinical trials reduce the effectiveness of analysis.
method Leverage historical data to pre-specify covariate weights as a composite covariate.
result A composite covariate improves the cost/benefit ratio and reduces overfitting in small clinical trials.
VarPro selects features without model dependence, achieving balanced performance.
problem Finding a small set of features with high explanatory power.
method Rule-based variable priority approach, avoiding model-specific methods and artificial data.
result VarPro has a consistent filtering property for noise variables and achieves balanced performance.