arXiv research

Sutured manifolds defined by Gabai are useful in the geometrical study of knots and 3-dimensional manifolds. On the other hand, homology cylinders are in an important position in the recent theory of homology cobordisms of surfaces and finite-type invariants. We study a relationship between them by focusing on sutured …

Study shows lower central subgroups of a subgroup don't contain those of the free group.

This paper detects torsion elements in homology cylinder monoids.

We show that the Artin representation on concordance classes of string links induces a well-defined epimorphism modulo order n twisted Whitney tower concordance, and that the kernel of this map is generated by band sums of iterated Bing-doubles of any string knot with nonzero Arf invariant. We also continue J. Levine's…

We give a Dehn-Nielsen type theorem for the homology cobordism group of homology cylinders by considering its action on the acyclic closure, which was defined by Levine, of a free group. Then we construct an additive invariant of those homology cylinders which act on the acyclic closure trivially. We also describe some…

A homology cylinder over a surface consists of a homology cobordism between two copies of the surface and markings of its boundary. The set of isomorphism classes of homology cylinders over a fixed surface has a natural monoid structure and it is known that this monoid can be seen as an enlargement of the mapping class…

The paper extends a knot invariant to graphs and connects it to homology cylinders.

The homology cobordism group of homology cylinders is a generalization of the mapping class group and the string link concordance group. We study this group and its filtrations by subgroups by developing new homomorphisms. First, we define extended Milnor invariants by combining the ideas of Milnor's link invariants an…

Study classifies triharmonic surfaces in 3D homogeneous spaces.

A homology cylinder over a compact manifold is a homology cobordism between two copies of the manifold together with a boundary parametrization. We study abelian quotients of the homology cobordism group of homology cylinders. For homology cylinders over general surfaces, it was shown by Cha, Friedl and Kim that their …

The study examines invariants of homology cylinders and their relations to free nilpotent groups.

We consider a homological enlargement of the mapping class group, defined by homology cylinders over a closed oriented surface (up to homology cobordism). These are important model objects in the recent Goussarov-Habiro theory of finite-type invariants of 3-manifolds. We study the structure of this group from several d…

Researchers compute torsion for homology cylinders, proving it a finite-type invariant.

For S a compact connected oriented surface, we consider homology cylinders over S: these are homology cobordisms with an extra homological triviality condition. When considered up to Y_2-equivalence, which is a surgery equivalence relation arising from the Goussarov-Habiro theory, homology cylinders form an Abelian gro…

Let S be a compact connected oriented surface, whose boundary is connected or empty. A homology cylinder over the surface S is a cobordism between S and itself, homologically equivalent to the cylinder over S. The Y-filtration on the monoid of homology cylinders over S is defined by clasper surgery. Using a functorial …

New homomorphisms from homology cylinders to torsion modules via LMO functor.

We prove that a totally umbilical biharmonic surface in any $3$-dimensional Riemannian manifold has constant mean curvature. We use this to show that a totally umbilical surface in Thurston's 3-dimensional geometries is proper biharmonic if and only if it is a part of $S^2(1/\sqrt{2})$ in $S^3$. We also give complete c…

New method computes automorphisms of surface groups using skein algebras.

In a previous paper [Homology cylinders: an enlargement of the mapping class group, Algebr. Geom. Topol. 1 (2001) 243--270, arXiv:math.GT/0010247], a group H_g of homology cylinders over the oriented surface of genus g is defined. A filtration of H_g is defined, using the Goussarov-Habiro notion of finite-type. It is e…

We study algebraic structures of certain submonoids of the monoid of homology cylinders over a surface and the homology cobordism groups, using Reidemeister torsion with non-commutative coefficients. The submonoids consist of ones whose natural inclusion maps from the boundary surfaces induce isomorphisms on higher sol…

Garoufalidis and Levine introduced the homology cobordism group of homology cylinders over a surface. This group can be regarded as a generalization of the mapping class group. Using torsion invariants, we show that the abelianization of this group is infinitely generated provided that the first Betti number of the sur…

The study reveals conditions for infinite closed geodesics on specific surfaces.

In his study of the group of homology cylinders, J. Levine made the conjecture that a certain homomorphism eta': T -> D' is an isomorphism. Here T is an abelian group on labeled oriented trees, and D' is the kernel of a bracketing map on a quasi-Lie algebra. Both T and D' have strong connections to a variety of topolog…

We obtain the parametric equations of all biharmonic Legendre curves and Hopf cylinders in the 3-dimensional unit sphere endowed with the modified Sasakian structure defined by Tanno.

The paper explores generalized Dehn twists on surfaces and their homology cylinders.

Study the kernel of surgery map restricted to 1-loop part of homology cylinders.

Classifies 3D spaces using specific invariants.

Let R be a compact oriented surface of genus g with one boundary component. Homology cylinders over R form a monoid IC into which the Torelli group I of R embeds by the mapping cylinder construction. Two homology cylinders M and M' are said to be Y_k-equivalent if M' is obtained from M by "twisting" an arbitrary surfac…

We construct the first aperiodic tiles for two amenable 3-dimensional Lie groups: Sol and the Heisenberg group. Our construction relies on the use of higher-dimensional uniformly finite homology. In particular, we settle completely the existence of aperiodic tiles for all of the non-compact geometries of 3-manifolds ap…

We define an invariant $\nabla_G(M)$ of pairs M,G, where M is a 3-manifold obtained by surgery on some framed link in the cylinder $S\times I$, S is a connected surface with at least one boundary component, and G is a fatgraph spine of S. In effect, $\nabla_G$ is the composition with the $ι_n$ maps of Le-Murakami-Ohtsu…

We show how to measure the failure of the Whitney trick in dimension 4 by constructing higher- order intersection invariants of Whitney towers built from iterated Whitney disks on immersed surfaces in 4-manifolds. For Whitney towers on immersed disks in the 4-ball, we identify some of these new invariants with previous…

We show that the classical example $X$ of a 3-dimensional generalized manifold constructed by van Kampen is another example of not homologically locally connected (i.e. not HLC) space. This space $X$ is not locally homeomorphic to any of the compact metrizable 3-dimensional manifolds constructed in our earlier paper wh…

We establish a surgery formula for 3-dimensional Seiberg-Witten monopoles under (+1) Dehn surgery on a knot in a homology 3-sphere. (substantial revision)

The paper uses symplectic homology to study 3D Besse manifolds with vanishing first Chern class.

We generalize our previous work on categorification of Kauffman bracket skein module of surfaces, by extending our homology to tangles in cylinders over surfaces, F x [0,1]. Our homology of 0-tangles and 1-tangles in D^3 coincides (up to normalization) with Khovanov link homology and the reduced Khovanov link homology.…

Two references added and the introduction slightly expanded. We show that the tree-level part of a recent theory of invariants of 3-manifolds (due, independently, to Goussarov and Habiro) is essentially given by classical algebraic topology in terms of the Johnson homomorphism and Massey products, for arbitrary 3-manif…

A $3$-dimensional Riemannian manifold is called Killing submersion if it admits a Riemannian submersion over a surface such that its fibers are the trajectories of a complete unit Killing vector field. In this paper, we give a characterization of proper biharmonic CMC surfaces in a Killing submersion. In the last part,…

We construct a spectral sequence from the reduced odd Khovanov homology of a link converging to the framed instanton homology of the double cover branched over the link, with orientation reversed. Framed instanton homology counts certain instantons on the cylinder of a 3-manifold connect-summed with a 3-torus. En route…

Homological stability proved for handlebody mapping class groups.

Sharp inequalities link manifold's systole to curvature of boundary.

Homology handles with trivial Alexander polynomial bound a 3D sphere.

The paper characterizes D'Atri spaces using total scalar curvature of hemispheres.

Study finds many nonplanar minimal spheres in elongated ellipsoids.

A criterion for Whitney disks connects intersections in 3-manifold homology.

In this paper we prove the existence of rational homology balls smoothly embedded in regular neighborhoods of certain linear chains of smooth $2$-spheres by using techniques from minimal model program for 3-dimensional complex algebraic variety.

Let $H_{g}$ be a 3-dimensional handlebody of genus $g$. We determine the twisted first homology group of the mapping class group of $H_{g}$ with coefficients in the first integral homology group of the boundary surface $\partial H_{g}$ for $g\geq 2$.

We show that, if g is more than or equal to 2, the virtual cohomological dimension of the mapping class group of a 3-dimensional handlebody of genus g is equal to 4g-5 and the Euler number of it is equal to 0.

We study the Gauss map $G$ of surfaces of revolution in the 3-dimensional Euclidean space ${\mathbb{E}^3}$ with respect to the so called Cheng-Yau operator $\square$ acting on the functions defined on the surfaces. As a result, we establish the classification theorem that the only surfaces of revolution with Gauss map …